sala 2 – Victim biographies (en) – Radogoszcz 1945

PIOTR JÓZEF KRAJEWSKI

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Piotr Józef Krajewski, son of Leon and Józefa, born on July 29, 1908, in Aleksandrów Kujawski, where he lived until 1944. In 1932, he graduated from the School of Commerce of the Industrial Chamber in Toruń.Until the outbreak of the war he worked in the Tax Office in Lipno.During the occupation he was employed in Inowrocław, in a seed purchasing centre.
He was arrested on the night of July 4, 1944, denounced by a German called Szatanberg or Szatenberg.He was accused of being a subversive element, which could mean any broadly defined anti-German activity.On July 5, 1944, he was brought to the prison in Włocławek, from where he managed to send a kite to his family.Then he was transferred to the prison in Radogoszcz, from where he sent his wife letters full of love and information about the situation in prison.
Piotr Krajewski was murdered during the liquidation of the prison on the night of January 17, 1945. His body was identified and buried in the grave inSt. Roch’s Cemetery in Łódź, and in 1957 it was exhumed and buried in the family grave.

: A fragment of a list of Radogoszcz prisoners who were washed and deloused, with data of Piotr Krajewski, imprisoned in Radogoszcz from July 4, 1944. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-4565, p. 57

: A metal box belonging to Piotr Krajewski, found in the grounds of the burnt prison in January 1945. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. M-1576

: A cigarette holder found in the grounds of the burnt police prison in Radogoszcz. It belonged to Piotr Krajewski, who died during the liquidation of the prison in January 1945. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. M-1574

: A kite of Piotr Krajewski addressed to his wife Zenusia, expressing love and informing about the lack of possibility of officially receiving parcels, July 6, 1944. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-4333/4 / PAGE 1

: A kite of Piotr Krajewski addressed to his wife Zenusia, expressing love and informing about the lack of possibility of officially receiving parcels, July 6, 1944. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-4333/4 / PAGE 2

: A letter from Piotr Krajewski to his wife Zenusia with a declaration of love and a request for food and personal care products. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-4333/5 / PAGE 1

: A letter from Piotr Krajewski to his wife Zenusia with a declaration of love and a request for food and personal care products. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-4333/5 / PAGE 2

: A letter from Piotr Krajewski to his wife Zenusia, asking for food. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-4333/8 / PAGE 1

: A letter from Piotr Krajewski to his wife Zenusia, asking for food. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-4333/8 / PAGE 2

: A press release with names of people murdered on the night of January 17, 1945, in the grounds of the Radogoszcz prison, whose bodies were identified and buried by their families at their own expense. The list includes Piotr Krajewski, Zenon Golczynski. Dziennik Łódzki of October 31, 1946, no. 300, p. 4

TADEUSZ SOWIŃSKI

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Tadeusz Sowiński was born on June 26, 1922, in Tarnów as the son of Janina and Tadeusz.After the war broke out, he worked in Tarnów as a locksmith and then a warehouseman.The situation of the inhabitants of the eastern territories of the Republic of Poland got complicated in 1941 following Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union.Tadeusz Sowiński, displaced with his family from Kamionka Strumiłowa, initially stayed in Tarnów, where he ran a shop with kitchen appliances.Then he worked as a manager in a similar shop of G. L. Geiser Hamburg in his hometown of Kamionka Strumiłowa.This is confirmed by the Arbeitsausweis of September 1, 1942. In 1943, Sowiński went to Lublin and then to Biłgoraj.
His arrest could be connected with his travels in the autumn of 1944. The Sonderausweis for Tadeusz Sowiński’s travel from Kraków to Nowy Sącz is dated October 6, 1944.Over the following weeks, he must have reached the Wartheland, where he was apprehended by Germans.On November 28, 1944, Sowiński was brought to the prison in Radogoszcz from another Łódź prison – inKilińskiego Street.
Tadeusz Sowiński was one of the victims of the prison liquidation on the night of January 17, 1945. Although a few documents belonging to him were found at the site of the fire, there is no information about identification of his body or his place of burial.This may result from the fact that Sowiński came from an area away from Łódź, where probably his whole family lived.

: A booklet (Arbeitsausweis) with Tadeusz Sowiński’s personal data and photograph. Issued by the GL Gaiser Hamburg company with its seat in Kamionka Strumiłowa, protecting its owner against deportation to forced labour. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-3964/11/6

: The life story written in prison by Tadeusz Sowiński, found in the grounds of the burnt Radogoszcz prison in January 1945. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-3961/11/2 / PAGE 1

: A special pass issued to Tadeusz Sowiński, found in the grounds of the burnt Radogoszcz prison in January 1945. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-3964/11/3 / OBVERSE

: A special pass issued to Tadeusz Sowiński, found in the grounds of the burnt Radogoszcz prison in January 1945. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-3964/11/3 / REVERSE

: A permission for a train travel from Trzebnica to Kraków on April 29, 1944, issued to Tadeusz Sowiński, found in the grounds of the burnt Radogoszcz prison in January 1945. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-3964/11/4

: A fragment of a list of Radogoszcz prisoners who were washed and deloused, with data of Tadeusz Sowiński, brought to the Radogoszcz prison on November 28, 1944. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-4565, p. 151

EDMUND KOWALSKI

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Edmund Kowalski, the son of Sylwester and Łucja, during the occupation lived in Ostrów Wielkopolski. He worked in the Social Clinic (Health Care Fund). He was sent to the Radogoszcz prison after being arrested in the middle of 1944 as a member of an underground organisation. In prison, he wrote touching kites to his wife and son. He informed them about his situation, asked for parcels with food and clothes, but mostly ensured them he loved and missed them greatly.
Edmund Kowalski never returned to his wife and son. Most probably, he died during the massacre on the night of January 17, 1945, however, his body was never found. After the war, he was declared missing.

: A kite written by Radogoszcz prisoner Edmund Kowalski to his wife Tela and son Włodeczek (Włodzimierz), expressing deep feelings and longing for his family. The message also includes information about the fact that goods sent in parcels were controlled and those of better quality were never delivered to the addressee. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-8553/1

: A kite written by Radogoszcz prisoner Edmund Kowalski to his wife Tela and son Włodeczek (Włodzimierz) with a request for sending only bread in parcels as other products were confiscated during the inspection. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-8553/2

: A kite written by Radogoszcz prisoner Edmund Kowalski to his wife Tela, expressing deep feelings. The message also includes information about Edmund’s potential transfer to a contraction or labour camp. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-8553/3

: A kite written by Radogoszcz prisoner Edmund Kowalski to his wife Tela, expressing deep feelings. The message also includes a request for bread. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-8553/4

: A kite written by Radogoszcz prisoner Edmund Kowalski to his wife Tela and son Włodeczek (Włodzimierz), thanking them for the goods sent in the last parcel and asking for soap. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-8554 / OBVERSE

: A kite written by Radogoszcz prisoner Edmund Kowalski to his wife Tela and son Włodeczek (Włodzimierz), thanking them for the goods sent in the last parcel and asking for soap. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-8554 / REVERSE

ZENON GOLCZYŃSKI

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Zenon Golczyński born on May 24, 1907, in Biała Góra (Gostów Commune, Łęczyca District) as the son of Maksymilian and Stanisława née Nowakowska. He graduated from a private grammar school of A. Zimowski. He got his medical degree at the Stefan Batory University in Vilnius on October 28, 1933, where he also worked as an assistant to Professor Januszkiewicz.
During the 1939 Defensive War, he served as a medical officer. During the occupation, he got involved in the underground activity, and in 1942 he became the sanitary head of the Łódź Region of the Home Army. At first, he worked as a doctor in the Arbeitsamt, but with time he was permitted by the occupation authorities to run a private practice at 115 Bolesława Limanowskiego Street, and then at 187 Rzgowska Street and in Sarmacka Street, which probably was a cover for his pro-independence activity. Arrested on a charge of underground activity, he was first sent to the Gestapo office in Anstadta Street, and then transferred to the prison in Sterlinga Street. In December 1944, he was brought to Radogoszcz. He died during the liquidation of the prison on January 17, 1945. His family found and identified his body among the massacre victims. Zenon Golczyński was buried in St. Roch’s Cemetery in Łódź.

: A fragment of a document issued by Doctor Zenon Golczyński, Radogoszcz prisoner, murdered during the massacre. Museum of Independence Traditions, ref. no. A-3964-14/5 / OBVERSE

: A medical license issued by German occupation authorities to Doctor Zenon Golczyński, November 8, 1942. Central Archives of Modern Records, Collection of Personal Files of German and Ukrainian Doctors, ref. no. 775, p. 3

: A personal data form of Dr Zenon Golczyński authenticated with his stamp and signature. An undated document. Central Archives of Modern Records, Collection of Personal Files of German and Ukrainian Doctors, ref. no. 775, p. 8

: A copy of a doctoral diploma of Zenon Golczyński, issued in Vilnius on June 27, 1931, translated from Latin to German. August 6, 1941. Central Archives of Modern Records, Collection of Personal Files of German and Ukrainian Doctors, ref. no. 775, pp. 12

: A copy of a doctoral diploma of Zenon Golczyński, issued in Vilnius on June 27, 1931, translated from Latin to German. August 6, 1941. Central Archives of Modern Records, Collection of Personal Files of German and Ukrainian Doctors, ref. no. 775, pp. 13

: A personal data form concerning Dr Zenon Golczyński’s parents, drawn up for the German administration. An undated document. Central Archives of Modern Records, Collection of Personal Files of German and Ukrainian Doctors, ref. no. 775, pp. 17

: A personal data form concerning Dr Zenon Golczyński’s parents, drawn up for the German administration. An undated document. Central Archives of Modern Records, Collection of Personal Files of German and Ukrainian Doctors, ref. no. 775, pp. 18

: A press release with names of people murdered on the night of January 17, 1945, in the grounds of the Radogoszcz prison, whose bodies were identified and buried by their families at their own expense. The list includes Piotr Krajewski, Zenon Golczynski. Dziennik Łódzki of October 31, 1946, no. 300, p. 4